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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Beds01:20

Capillary Beds

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Capillary beds are networks of tiny blood vessels that play a crucial role in the circulatory system. These beds are where the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occurs between the blood and surrounding tissues. Each capillary bed consists of numerous capillaries, which are the smallest blood vessels in the body, typically only one cell-thick. This thinness allows for the efficient diffusion of substances.
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The cardiovascular system's chief role is to disseminate gases, nutrients, waste, and other substances to the body's cells. Small molecules like gases, lipids, and lipid-soluble substances directly diffuse through capillary wall endothelial cell membranes. Glucose, amino acids, and ions, including sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride, use transporters for facilitated diffusion via membrane-specific channels. Glucose, ions, and bigger molecules may also pass through intercellular...
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Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

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Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
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Capillaries and Their Types01:20

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Capillaries, a crucial constituent of the circulatory system, are diminutive vessels with a diameter between 5–10 micrometers, accommodating perfusion to the tissues through the phenomenon known as microcirculation. Through their permeable walls, consisting of an endothelial layer ensconced by a basement membrane and sporadically dispersed smooth muscle fibers, the exchange of substances between the blood and the interstitial fluid becomes plausible. Variance in wall composition exists,...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Second Order systems II01:18

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In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
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Open Microfluidic Capillary Systems.

Erwin Berthier1, Ashley M Dostie1, Ulri N Lee1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States.

Analytical Chemistry
|July 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Open microfluidic capillary systems offer accessible fluid manipulation without physical walls, simplifying fabrication and enabling versatile applications. These systems provide a "device-to-world" interface for enhanced biological and chemical analyses.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Capillary Systems
  • Open Channel Devices

Background:

  • Microfluidics manipulates fluids in small channels, traditionally closed.
  • Open microfluidic capillary systems utilize capillary forces in channels without full physical walls.
  • These systems feature grooves, rails, or beams with multiple air-liquid interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the fundamentals, advantages, and applications of open microfluidic capillary systems.
  • To discuss design considerations, fabrication methods, and flow analysis.
  • To present these systems as a versatile toolbox for fluid manipulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of open microfluidic capillary system principles.
  • Discussion of fabrication techniques like 3D printing and injection molding.
  • Analysis of fluid dynamics and interface behavior in open channels.

Main Results:

  • Open microfluidic capillary systems offer simplified fabrication and reliable operation.
  • The absence of channel walls creates a "device-to-world" interface for easy access.
  • These systems can be combined into a "toolbox" for diverse fluid manipulation tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Open microfluidic capillary systems represent a significant advancement in microfluidics.
  • Their accessibility and ease of use accelerate development in various scientific fields.
  • Applications span biology, diagnostics, chemistry, sensing, and biphasic systems.