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Extracting the Dynamic Magnetic Contrast in Time-Resolved X-ray Transmission Microscopy
Taddäus Schaffers1, Thomas Feggeler2, Santa Pile3
1Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria. taddaeus.schaffers@jku.at.
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 3, 2019
Summary
This study introduces time-resolved scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) for element-resolved ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements. The technique offers high spatial resolution for studying magnetic excitations in nanomaterials.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) is crucial for understanding magnetic properties.
- Element-specific dynamic magnetic information is often challenging to obtain.
- Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) offers high spatial resolution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a time-resolved STXM method for element-resolved FMR.
- To quantify dynamic magnetic contrast using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD).
- To investigate magnetic excitations in micro- and nanostructures.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a time-resolved detection scheme in STXM.
- Employed microwave frequencies up to 10 GHz.
- Achieved spatial resolution down to 20 nm at two synchrotrons.
- Applied X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) for element resolution.
- Developed methods to separate dynamic magnetic contrast from background.
Main Results:
- Successfully measured element-resolved FMR with high spatial resolution.
- Quantified the relative phase between microwave excitation and X-ray pulses.
- Determined the opening angle of precession at FMR.
- Demonstrated that dynamic contrast behaves consistently with XMCD effects.
- Validated the approach for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous magnetic excitations.
Conclusions:
- Time-resolved STXM with XMCD is a powerful tool for dynamic magnetic studies.
- The technique provides unique spatiotemporal resolution for magnetic excitations.
- Enables detailed investigation of linear and nonlinear magnetic phenomena in nanomaterials.
- Offers element selectivity for comprehensive analysis of magnetic behavior.
Keywords:
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