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Lessons on Data Collection and Curation From the NFL Injury Surveillance Program
Nancy A Dreyer1, Christina D Mack2, Robert B Anderson3,4
1Center for Advanced Evidence Generation, Real-World & Analytic Solutions, IQVIA, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Sports Health
|July 3, 2019
Summary
Systematic data curation of electronic health records (EHRs) enhances sports injury surveillance. The National Football League (NFL) found that using an EHR captured 20% more injuries than targeted reporting, improving data reliability.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Data Science
- Public Health
Background:
- "Research-ready" evidence platforms linking sports data with electronic health records (EHRs) are crucial for evaluating injury risks.
- High-quality data is essential for injury surveillance, but evidence guiding data curation practices is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the hypothesis that a clinically used EHR, curated for research readiness, can serve as a robust evidence platform.
- To describe the data curation methods employed for active injury surveillance by the National Football League (NFL).
Main Methods:
- A dynamic cohort study utilizing a league-wide EHR with player informed consent.
- Injuries recorded by team medical staff, spotters, and consultants.
- Data linkage by player, setting, and event to sports statistics and stadium quality measures using unique identifiers for privacy.
Main Results:
- Core curation involves monthly summaries, completeness queries, and external checks.
- Over 100 annual reports inform updates to coding training and guidance documents.
- Switching to an EHR resulted in approximately 20% more reported injuries compared to targeted reporting for the same injuries.
Conclusions:
- Research-ready databases require systematic curation for quality and completeness, supported by action plans.
- EHR-based surveillance captured more injuries than traditional targeted reporting.
- Evidence-based decision-making relies on reliable data refined through systematic use, review, and adaptive curation processes.
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