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Related Experiment Video

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Inhibition of Wound Epidermis Formation via Full Skin Flap Surgery During Axolotl Limb Regeneration
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Deep evolutionary origin of limb and fin regeneration.

Sylvain Darnet1, Aline C Dragalzew1, Danielson B Amaral1

  • 1Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, 66075-900 Belém, Brazil.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Paired appendage regeneration in bony vertebrates (Osteichthyes) likely evolved from a common ancestor. This study reveals shared genetic pathways in ray-finned fishes and salamanders, supporting a deep evolutionary origin for this trait.

Keywords:
evolutionfinlimbregenerationtetrapod

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Salamanders and lungfishes are unique sarcopterygians capable of regenerating appendages at any level.
  • Regeneration after fin endoskeleton amputation in actinopterygians was previously limited to polypterid fishes.
  • The evolutionary origin of paired appendage regeneration in bony vertebrates remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origin of paired appendage regeneration in Osteichthyes.
  • To compare gene expression profiles in regenerating blastemas of a ray-finned fish and a salamander.
  • To determine if fin regeneration after endoskeleton amputation occurs in a broader range of actinopterygian species.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted fin regeneration assays after endoskeleton amputation in various fish species.
  • Performed comparative RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis on regenerating blastemas of Polypterus and axolotl.
  • Utilized single-cell RNA-seq data for axolotl limb regeneration stages.

Main Results:

  • Fin regeneration after endoskeleton amputation was observed in non-teleost actinopterygians (paddlefish, spotted gar) and several teleost species (cichlids, goldfish).
  • Comparative RNA-seq revealed common genetic pathways and expression profiles in axolotl and Polypterus blastemas.
  • A shared, regeneration-specific genetic program was identified between Polypterus and axolotl.

Conclusions:

  • Paired appendage regeneration in Osteichthyes has a deep evolutionary origin, likely stemming from a common ancestor.
  • The findings provide evidence for a shared genetic basis underlying appendage regeneration across diverse bony vertebrates.
  • This study establishes an evolutionary framework for future research into the genetics of appendage regeneration.