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Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Nucleic acids

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Nucleic Acids

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Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and have instructions for its functioning. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

Solidifying framework nucleic acids with silica.

Xinxin Jing^1,2, Fei Zhang^3,4, Muchen Pan¹

¹Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Nature Protocols

|July 5, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a DNA origami silicification (DOS) method to create complex silica nanomaterials. This technique precisely shapes inorganic materials using DNA frameworks, enhancing structural properties and enabling new applications.

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Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

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Area of Science:

Nanotechnology
Materials Science
Biotechnology

Background:

Soft matter is used as a template for inorganic material growth, but conventional templates have limitations in design complexity and accuracy.
Structural DNA nanotechnology offers highly precise DNA frameworks for templated growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel DNA origami silicification (DOS) approach for creating complex silica composite nanomaterials.
To achieve user-defined DNA-silica hybrid materials with high precision (~3-nm).

Main Methods:

Utilized modified silica sol-gel chemistry to coat pre-hydrolyzed silica precursor clusters onto DNA frameworks.
Applied the method to various 1D, 2D, and 3D DNA frameworks (10 to >1,000 nm).

Main Results:

Successfully generated complex silica composite nanomaterials with user-defined structures and ~3-nm precision.
Observed a tenfold increase in the Young's modulus (E modulus) of DNA-silica composites compared to pure DNA scaffolds.
Demonstrated the creation of 3D metal plasmonic devices using solidified DNA frameworks.

Conclusions:

The DNA origami silicification (DOS) approach provides a versatile platform for synthesizing inorganic materials with unprecedented complexity and tailored properties.
This method enables the precise templated growth of inorganic components, overcoming limitations of traditional templates.
The resulting hybrid materials exhibit enhanced mechanical properties and potential for advanced applications like plasmonics.