Programming Dimensional Transitions in DNA Brick Crystals via Interfacial Connectivity

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Materials Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Precise control over molecular self-assembly dimensionality and macroscopic structures is a significant challenge.
• DNA nanotechnology offers a versatile platform for creating complex nanoscale architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a programmable strategy for controlling the dimensional transition (1D to 2D) and structural width of DNA brick crystals.
• To establish interfacial connectivity as a predictable parameter for engineering self-assembled nanostructures.

Main Methods:

• Engineering DNA brick crystal interfaces by varying the number of connecting strands (Nx).
• Utilizing quantitative design parameters (Nx) to analyze dimensional transitions.
• Employing thermal and thermodynamic analyses to understand the stability of assembled structures.

Main Results:

• A sharp dimensional threshold (Nx=8 to Nx=12) was identified for the 1D-to-2D transition, independent of lattice type (honeycomb, square).
• Below Nx=8, assemblies form 1D nanoribbons; above Nx=12, 2D arrays form with widths increasing monotonically with Nx.
• The threshold behavior is attributed to size-dependent thermal stability of laterally connected domains.

Conclusions:

• Interfacial connectivity serves as a predictive handle for on-demand engineering of self-assembled nanostructures.
• Programmable control over dimensionality and structural width is achievable through interface engineering.
• This strategy enables the precise fabrication of nanostructures with desired dimensions and widths.