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Related Concept Videos

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Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Implementation of Non-invasive Point of Care Transient Elastography for Evaluation of Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations with Cystic Fibrosis
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Implementation of Non-invasive Point of Care Transient Elastography for Evaluation of Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations with Cystic Fibrosis

Published on: August 29, 2025

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Transient liver elastography in normal pregnancy - a longitudinal cohort study.

Marcus Stenberg Ribeiro1, Hannes Hagström2,3, Per Stål2

  • 1Pregnancy Care and Delivery, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
|July 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Transient elastography, used to assess liver stiffness and fat, showed reversible increases during normal pregnancy. Elevated liver stiffness and CAP in the third trimester are normal findings that resolve postpartum.

Keywords:
Fibrosisfibroscanliver stiffnesspregnancysteatosis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background:

  • Transient elastography estimates liver fibrosis via liver stiffness measurement.
  • Increased liver blood flow during pregnancy can falsely elevate elastography results.
  • Longitudinal evaluation of transient elastography in healthy pregnant women is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally evaluate transient elastography (TE) in healthy pregnant women.
  • To assess changes in liver stiffness and Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) during pregnancy.
  • To determine if TE findings in pregnancy are reversible postpartum.

Main Methods:

  • 24 healthy pregnant women underwent TE at 18-20, 26-28, and 36-38 weeks gestation.
  • TE measurements were repeated at least 8 weeks postpartum.
  • Liver stiffness (kPa) and CAP (dB/m) were recorded and analyzed longitudinally.

Main Results:

  • Mean liver stiffness increased significantly from 3.8 kPa (2nd trimester) to 5.9 kPa (3rd trimester) (p=0.002).
  • Mean CAP increased from 186 dB/m (2nd trimester) to 215 dB/m (3rd trimester) (p=0.01).
  • Both liver stiffness and CAP values returned to baseline postpartum.

Conclusions:

  • Liver stiffness and CAP increase reversibly during normal pregnancies.
  • Slightly elevated liver stiffness and CAP in the third trimester are normal findings.
  • Transient elastography can be reliably used in healthy pregnant women.