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Noncontact Meibography in Patients with Keratoconus.

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Summary

Keratoconus patients exhibit significant meibomian gland dropout and distortion. Noncontact meibography effectively captures these changes, aiding in routine refractive examinations for keratoconus.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Diseases
  • Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Background:

  • Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia.
  • Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is common in ocular surface diseases.
  • The relationship between keratoconus and MGD requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess morphological changes in meibomian glands (MG) in keratoconus patients.
  • To correlate MG morphology with tear film parameters.
  • To evaluate the utility of noncontact meibography in keratoconus.

Main Methods:

  • Infrared noncontact meibography (Sirius) used on 300 keratoconus patients and 100 controls.
  • Tear breakup time (TBUT) and Schirmer test II were performed.
  • Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) assessed subjective symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Keratoconus patients showed significantly lower TBUT and Schirmer test results compared to controls (p=0.05).
  • Significant meibomian gland dropout was observed in keratoconus patients, with increasing grades of dropout.
  • Meibomian gland distortion was evident in keratoconus eyes.

Conclusions:

  • Keratoconus is associated with significant meibomian gland dropout and distortion.
  • Noncontact meibography is a valuable tool for evaluating MG changes in keratoconus.
  • MG evaluation should be part of routine keratoconus examinations.