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Multilayered Microfluidic Paper-Based Devices: Characterization, Modeling, and Perspectives.

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    Multilayered microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (microPADs) significantly increase flow rates. This study develops a model to predict flow in these advanced microPADs, considering factors like gap height.

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    Area of Science:

    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Fluid Dynamics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (microPADs) offer advantages like low cost and portability.
    • Slow capillary-driven flow rates in single-layer microPADs limit their applications.
    • Multilayered microPADs with gaps enhance flow rates but lack predictive models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the fluid dynamics driving rapid flow in multilayered microPADs.
    • To develop a theoretical model for predicting flow rates in these devices.
    • To identify critical parameters influencing fluid transport in multilayered microPADs.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental investigations of fluid flow in multilayered microPADs.
    • Analytical modeling incorporating viscous dissipation within the paper.
    • Analysis of various hypotheses for fluid dynamics in the multilayered systems.

    Main Results:

    • Large gap sizes (>300 microm) in multilayered microPADs achieve >169x faster flow rates than single-layer devices.
    • Established models like the Lucas-Washburn equation do not accurately predict flow in multilayered formats.
    • A new theoretical model was established to predict flow rates, accounting for viscous dissipation.

    Conclusions:

    • Device orientation, sample addition, and gap height are critical for modeling multilayered microPAD imbibition.
    • The developed model provides a theoretical basis for understanding and predicting flow in advanced microPAD designs.
    • This research advances the capabilities of microPADs for broader analytical applications.