Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Quantifying Branching Density in Rat Mammary Gland Whole-mounts Using the Sholl Analysis Method
Published on: July 12, 2017
Direct Observation of Long-Chain Branches in a Low-Density Polyethylene
Ken-Ichi Shinohara1, Masahiro Yanagisawa2, Yuu Makida3
1School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan. shinoken@jaist.ac.jp.
Abstract:
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) has short-chain branch (SCB) and long-chain branch (LCB). In particular, the influence of the structure of LCBs on polymer properties is remarkable; however, it has been difficult to precisely analyze LCB structures. In this study, we measured the chain length of LCBs and the distance between branch points of LDPE by atomic force microscopy. Consequently, three LCBs were confirmed in a main chain of 162 nm, and their length were measured as 10, 31, and 18 nm. The positions of the LCBs were 33, 70, and 78 nm from the main-chain end.
Related Concept Videos
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching
Electron Transport Chains
The ETC is comprised of...
Naturalistic Observations
Density
Actor-Observer Effect
Observational Learning

