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The relationship between depression symptoms, absenteeism and presenteeism
D A Johnston1, S B Harvey2, N Glozier3
1Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Journal of Affective Disorders
|July 8, 2019
Summary
Depression severity impacts work performance and absenteeism. Specific depressive symptoms differentially affect absence (behavioral) and presenteeism (cognitive), informing return-to-work strategies.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
Background:
- Mental health issues, particularly depression, are prevalent in the workforce.
- Depression is linked to increased absenteeism and presenteeism, impacting productivity.
- Aggregate depression scores may obscure the distinct effects of individual symptoms on work outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between depression severity and both absenteeism and presenteeism.
- To explore the independent contributions of specific depressive symptoms to absenteeism and presenteeism.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 4953 employees recruited for a mental health app study.
- Assessed depression severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).
- Examined relationships using total depression scores and individual symptom analysis via regression and relative weights analysis.
Main Results:
- Confirmed a significant negative linear relationship between depression severity and presenteeism, and a positive relationship with absenteeism.
- Johnson's relative weights analysis revealed differential symptom contributions to both outcomes.
- Behavioral symptoms were stronger predictors of absenteeism, while cognitive symptoms were stronger predictors of presenteeism.
Conclusions:
- Increased depression severity is associated with higher absenteeism and lower presenteeism.
- Individual depressive symptoms have varying impacts on work absence and performance.
- Findings support tailored interventions for employees based on specific symptom profiles to aid treatment and return-to-work decisions.
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