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Chikungunya disease among infants in French West Indies during the 2014 outbreak

A Gavotto1, B Muanza2, F Delion2

  • 1Pediatric emergency, University Hospital, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe; Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology Department, M3C Regional Center, University Hospital, Physiology and Experimental Biology of Heart and Muscles Laboratory - PHYMEDEXP, UMR CNRS 9214-INSERM U1046, Montpellier, France.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|July 9, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Chikungunya disease in infants presents with fever, pain, and limb swelling. Key lab findings include lymphopenia and no thrombocytopenia, aiding diagnosis in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can cause significant morbidity in infants.
  • Limited data exists on the specific clinical and laboratory manifestations of CHIKV in this age group.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical and laboratory features of Chikungunya disease in infants aged 1 month to 2 years.
  • To identify diagnostic indicators for Chikungunya in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective epidemiologic study conducted at a university hospital.
  • Data collected from 154 infants hospitalized with Chikungunya disease between May and September 2014.

Main Results:

  • Common symptoms included hyperthermia (2.7 days), pain (82%), loss of appetite (62%), and rash (69%).
  • Edema of hands/feet (48%) and febrile seizures (12%) were observed.
  • Frequent laboratory findings were lymphopenia (94%) and monocytosis; thrombocytopenia was absent.

Conclusions:

  • Chikungunya in infants often presents with fever, pain, tachycardia, and limb edema.
  • Lymphopenia and absence of thrombocytopenia are significant diagnostic markers.
Abstract

Keywords:
ArbovirusChikungunyaFeverFrench West IndiesInfantPediatrics

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