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Related Concept Videos

Aggregates Classification01:29

Aggregates Classification

980
Aggregate classification is generally based on its size, petrographic characteristics, weight, and source. Size classification ranges from coarse to fine aggregates, defined by the size of the particles. Coarse aggregates are particles that do not pass through ASTM sieve No. 4, and aggregates that pass through the sieve are fine aggregates.
Petrographic classification groups aggregates based on common mineralogical characteristics. Some of the common mineral groups found in aggregates are...
980
Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

1.1K
Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
1.1K
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

29.3K

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
29.3K
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate01:12

Bonding and Strength of Aggregate

482
The bond between aggregate particles and the cement matrix is significantly influenced by the shape and surface texture of the aggregates. High-strength concretes benefit from a rougher texture, which leads to stronger bonding due to greater adhesion. Angular aggregates with larger surface areas also enhance this bond. The bonding quality, however, is complex to assess as no universally accepted test exists. Good bonding is indicated when a crushed concrete specimen shows some aggregate...
482
Specific Gravity of Aggregate01:19

Specific Gravity of Aggregate

776
Aggregates typically contain pores, which can be either permeable or impermeable. Considering the pores in the aggregates, the specific gravity of aggregates is defined in three different forms, namely, bulk or gross specific gravity, apparent specific gravity, and absolute specific gravity.
Bulk or gross specific gravity is calculated by taking the ratio of the mass of aggregates in the saturated surface-dry state to the total volume that includes both the solids and the voids within the...
776
Bulk Density of Aggregate01:22

Bulk Density of Aggregate

1.1K
Bulk density refers to the mass of aggregate particles that would fill a unit volume. The concept of bulk density originates from the inability to pack aggregate particles in a manner that completely eliminates void spaces. Hence, the term bulk refers to the volume that encompasses both the aggregates and the voids. This measurement is crucial when aggregates are batched by volume and is used to convert quantities by mass to volume.
Most natural mineral aggregates, like sand and gravel,...
1.1K

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Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies
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Recent Advances in Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence.

Xing Wei1, Meng-Jiao Zhu2, Hong Yan1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) merges AIE and ECL for enhanced luminescence. This novel approach improves electrochemiluminescence analysis in aqueous and solid states, expanding applications in diagnostics and environmental monitoring.

Keywords:
aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescenceaggregation-induced emissionelectrochemiluminescenceluminophores

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) offers unique luminescent properties.
  • Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful analytical technique with broad applicability.
  • Hydrophobic materials pose challenges for ECL in aqueous and solid-state analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the novel concept of aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL).
  • Review current luminophores utilized in AIECL.
  • Highlight recent applications of AIECL in various fields.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of AIE and ECL principles.
  • Analysis of AIECL mechanisms and advantages.
  • Compilation of recent studies on AIECL applications.

Main Results:

  • AIECL effectively overcomes limitations of traditional ECL for hydrophobic compounds.
  • AIE enhances emission intensity in aqueous and solid-state environments.
  • AIECL demonstrates significant potential in diverse analytical applications.

Conclusions:

  • AIECL represents a significant advancement in luminescent sensing technologies.
  • The integration of AIE and ECL opens new avenues for sensitive and robust analytical methods.
  • AIECL is poised for widespread adoption in clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and biomarker detection.