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Changes in corticospinal excitability associated with post-error slowing.

Francesco Ceccarini1, Silvia Guerra1, Sonia Betti1

  • 1Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|July 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Following an error, people exhibit post-error slowing (PES) by reducing motor system excitability. This study shows error-reactivity influences grasping, not reaching, in realistic actions.

Keywords:
KinematicsMotor-evoked potentialsPost error slowingReach-to-graspTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Post-error slowing (PES) is a known phenomenon where individuals slow down after an error.
  • Traditionally, PES is attributed to a conservative response strategy and changes in motor system excitability.
  • Previous studies primarily used simple button-press tasks, limiting ecological validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of errors on the preparation and execution of reach-to-grasp movements.
  • To explore how errors influence corticospinal excitability and motor system activity during complex actions.
  • To determine if PES affects different components of goal-directed movements.

Main Methods:

  • Measured reaction times (RTs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) to assess corticospinal excitability.
  • Utilized kinematic analysis to examine movement reorganization after errors.
  • Employed a reach-to-grasp task, a common daily activity, to enhance ecological validity.

Main Results:

  • Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were reduced after errors in reaching and grasping.
  • Error-reactivity influenced the grasping component of the movement.
  • The reaching component of the movement was not affected by post-error slowing.

Conclusions:

  • Error-reactivity influences motor system activity during both preparation and execution of complex actions.
  • PES extends beyond simple tasks, impacting realistic, goal-directed movements.
  • Findings support the role of motor system excitability changes in error processing during daily activities.