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Related Concept Videos

Volatilization01:10

Volatilization

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Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

49.2K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Quantitative Analysis01:12

Quantitative Analysis

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Quantitative analysis is a technique for measuring the amount of specific constituents in a sample. When the sample's composition is unknown, qualitative analysis is performed first to identify its components, which ensures that the correct substances are measured during the quantitative phase.
In quantitative analysis, two key measurements are made: the sample quantity and a property proportional to the amount of the analyte (the substance being analyzed). This forms the basis of the...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.5K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

17.5K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Profiling Volatile Compounds in Blackcurrant Fruit using Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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Matrix-compatible solid phase microextraction coating improves quantitative analysis of volatile profile throughout

Karolina C Hernandes1, Érica A Souza-Silva2, Carolina F Assumpção1

  • 1Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Prédio 43212, Porto Alegre CEP 91501-970, Brazil.

Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.)
|July 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated fiber effectively minimizes ethanol interference in headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) for beer analysis. This advancement simplifies volatile profiling across brewing stages.

Keywords:
AromaBeerDVB/Car/PDMSFlavorHS-SPMELagerPDMS-overcoated fiberPolydimethylsiloxane

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Area of Science:

  • * Analytical Chemistry
  • * Food Science
  • * Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • * Ethanol, a major beer component, causes interference in headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) analysis of minor volatile compounds due to its displacement effect.
  • * Accurate quantification of the volatile profile throughout brewing stages is crucial for quality control and understanding flavor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To evaluate a novel polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-overcoated divinylbenzene/Carboxen/PDMS (DVB/Car/PDMS) fiber for minimizing ethanol's displacement effect in HS-SPME.
  • * To assess the modified fiber's performance in the quantitative determination of the volatile profile across five distinct brewing stages.

Main Methods:

  • * Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for volatile compound analysis.
  • * A commercial DVB/Car/PDMS fiber was modified by applying a thin hydrophobic PDMS layer.
  • * The PDMS-overcoated fiber's performance was compared against the commercial fiber using model solutions with varying ethanol concentrations (0-12%) and actual beer samples from different brewing stages.

Main Results:

  • * The PDMS-overcoated fiber demonstrated superior extractive capacity, identifying more compounds (61 vs. 45) and yielding a 20% greater total chromatographic area than the commercial fiber.
  • * The modified fiber eliminated significant ethanol-induced displacement effects, particularly for polar analytes, simplifying quantitative analysis without the need for stage-specific calibration curves.
  • * A heat map visualization revealed distinct volatile profiles for each brewing stage, with mashing characterized by higher alcohols, boiling by Maillard products, and fermentation/maturation/pasteurization by esters.

Conclusions:

  • * The PDMS-overcoated fiber offers a simplified, less laborious, and more time-efficient method for the quantitative determination of beer's volatile profile.
  • * This improved HS-SPME approach provides adequate linearity, sensitivity, repeatability, and intermediate precision, facilitating accurate analysis across different ethanol concentrations.
  • * The method effectively differentiates brewing stages based on their unique volatile signatures, aiding in process optimization and quality assessment.