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Chronic Conditions, Medically Supportive Care Partners, And Functional Disability Among Cognitively Impaired Adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Chronic Disease Management

Background:

  • Multimorbid older adults with cognitive impairment face challenges with functional disabilities.
  • The role of medically supportive care partners in mitigating these challenges is not fully understood.
  • Chronic conditions significantly impact daily living activities for this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if care partners influence the relationship between chronic conditions and functional disabilities.
  • To investigate the modifying effect of care partners on the association between symptomatic chronic conditions and functional limitations in older adults with cognitive impairment.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study using a nationally representative cohort of Medicare beneficiaries (N = 1,003).
  • Data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and Medicare claims (2011-2015).
  • Weighted generalized estimating equations used to assess chronic condition associations and care partner modification.

Main Results:

  • Chronic kidney disease, depression, and heart failure were linked to more functional disabilities.
  • Care partners significantly weakened the association between chronic kidney disease and functional disabilities (interaction p = .001).
  • The presence of care partners showed limited modification for other studied chronic conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Care partners provide some support, particularly for chronic kidney disease's impact on function.
  • Overall, care partners demonstrated limited modification of the link between symptomatic chronic conditions and functional disability in this cohort.
  • Further research is needed to explore comprehensive support strategies for multimorbid older adults.