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Customized exercise programs implemented by physical therapists improve exercise-related self-efficacy and promote
Takashi Wada1, Hiromi Matsumoto2, Hiroshi Hagino3,4
1Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan. t.wada@tottori-u.ac.jp.
BMC Public Health
|July 11, 2019
Summary
Customized exercise programs (CEPs) help older adults maintain self-efficacy (SE) for exercise and promote behavioral changes. This study found CEPs useful for elderly individuals not regularly exercising.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Exercise Science
- Behavioral Medicine
Background:
- Individualized exercise programs are crucial for developing and maintaining regular physical activity.
- Self-efficacy (SE) is a key factor in exercise adherence, especially among older adults.
- This study investigated the impact of customized exercise programs (CEPs) on exercise-related SE and behavior in sedentary elderly individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness of CEPs delivered by physical therapists versus standard exercise prescriptions.
- To assess the impact of CEPs on exercise self-efficacy in elderly individuals aged 65-74.
- To evaluate the influence of CEPs on behavioral changes related to exercise and pain management.
Main Methods:
- A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 50 participants (26 CEP group, 24 control group) aged 65-74 years with no regular exercise.
- Participants received either individualized exercises based on an algorithm (CEP group) or commonly prescribed exercises.
- Data on SE, exercise behavior stage, and pain were collected at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.
Main Results:
- Overall SE for exercise improved by 24.0% from baseline, with a 30.8% improvement in the CEP group and 16.7% in the control group.
- No significant difference was found in the primary outcome (SE at 12 months) between groups.
- The CEP group showed significantly higher stage of change for exercise behavior at 3 months, while the control group showed improvement at 6 months. Knee pain worsened in the control group at 3 months.
Conclusions:
- Exercise instruction incorporating CEPs aids in maintaining exercise self-efficacy among elderly individuals.
- CEPs are effective in facilitating behavioral changes towards regular exercise in sedentary older adults.
- Physical therapists can utilize CEPs to support exercise adherence and improve health outcomes in the elderly population.
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