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Quantification of Cognitive Dysfunction in Dizzy Patients Using the Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory
Yuan F Liu1, Taylor D Locklear2, Jeffrey D Sharon3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina.
Summary
Dizzy patients, particularly those with vestibular migraine, experience significant cognitive dysfunction. The Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory (NVI) effectively quantifies this impairment, unlike traditional dizziness assessments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Audiology
- Psychology
Background:
- Existing patient-reported outcome questionnaires for dizziness offer limited insight into associated cognitive dysfunction.
- Patients frequently report cognitive difficulties alongside vestibular symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify cognitive impairment in dizzy patients using the newly developed English version of the Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory (NVI).
- To assess the utility of the NVI in differentiating cognitive deficits across various vestibular disorders.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary neurotology clinic.
- Adults with vestibular diagnoses (BPPV, Menière's disease, vestibular migraine) were enrolled, excluding those with other neurological disorders affecting cognition.
- The Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory (NVI) was administered, alongside secondary measures including the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Cognitive Failure Questionnaire (CFQ).
Main Results:
- Vestibular migraine (VM) patients were younger and exhibited significantly higher NVI scores compared to Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) patients.
- Menière's disease (MD) patients reported significantly higher cognitive failures (CFQ scores) than BPPV patients.
- NVI scores were comparable between MD and VM patients, while Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) scores were similar across all groups, highlighting the NVI's sensitivity to cognitive aspects.
Conclusions:
- Vestibular migraine patients demonstrate cognitive dysfunction levels comparable to Menière's disease patients, and greater than BPPV patients.
- The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) may be limited in assessing the cognitive domain, as evidenced by similar scores across patient groups with varying cognitive impairment.
- The Neuropsychological Vertigo Inventory (NVI) is a valuable tool for quantifying cognitive dysfunction in patients with vestibular disorders.
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