Cytotoxic effects of silver diamine fluoride
Mary E Fancher1, Suzanne Fournier2, Janice Townsend3
1Private practice in Pediatric Dentistry, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
American Journal of Dentistry
|July 12, 2019
Summary
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and fluoride varnish (FV) show cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts and bacteria. While FV loses toxicity within 3 weeks, SDF retains potent antimicrobial effects long-term, despite cytotoxicity concerns.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Microbiology
- Cell biology
Background:
- Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and fluoride varnish (FV) are widely used in dentistry.
- Understanding their effects on oral cells and microbes is crucial for clinical application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial efficacy of SDF and FV.
- To assess the duration of these effects on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and oral bacteria.
Main Methods:
- HGF cell viability was measured after exposure to SDF and FV dilutions.
- Hydroxyapatite discs treated with SDF or FV were incubated in artificial saliva for up to 84 days.
- Bacterial survival and HGF viability were quantified after exposure to treated discs.
Main Results:
- SDF exhibited significant cytotoxicity to HGF at 0.01%.
- Both SDF and FV induced high cell death on treated discs within 24 hours.
- FV lost its cytotoxicity after 21 days of rinsing, whereas SDF remained toxic to HGF and bacteria for 9 weeks.
Conclusions:
- SDF demonstrates prolonged antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity.
- FV's cytotoxic effects diminish within three weeks.
- SDF's long-lasting antimicrobial properties are confirmed, though its cytotoxicity warrants consideration in dental practice.
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