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Related Concept Videos

Pulse01:16

Pulse

2.0K
When the heart pumps blood out, arterial elastic fibers play a crucial role in sustaining a high-pressure gradient. They expand to accommodate the received blood and then recoil - a process known as the pulse that can be either manually palpated or electronically quantified. Despite a reduction in its effect with increased distance from the heart, elements of the pulse's systolic and diastolic components persist, observable even at the arteriole level.
The pulse serves as a clinical...
2.0K
Pulse01:05

Pulse

3.5K
The pulse is one of the most fundamental physiological indicators of the body's cardiovascular health. It is the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the arterial walls in response to the pressure generated by the heart's pumping action.
Pulse Rate and its Significance
Pulse rate, often measured in beats per minute (bpm), reflects the heart rate (HR), which is influenced by numerous factors such as stress, physical activity, and hormonal changes. A normal resting adult pulse rate falls...
3.5K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

55.5K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
55.5K
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

4.5K
When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...
4.5K
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.7K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.7K
Pulse Oximetry01:24

Pulse Oximetry

1.3K
Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...
1.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver
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Construction of a Wireless-Enabled Endoscopically Implantable Sensor for pH Monitoring with Zero-Bias Schottky Diode-based Receiver

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Reflectance-Based Organic Pulse Meter Sensor for Wireless Monitoring of Photoplethysmogram Signal.

Fahed Elsamnah1, Anubha Bilgaiyan2, Muhamad Affiq1

  • 1Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.

Biosensors
|July 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study presents two low-power organic biosensors for wireless photoplethysmogram (PPG) monitoring. The optimized design achieved 8 µW power consumption with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), enabling efficient long-term health tracking.

Keywords:
Bluetooth low energy (BLE)biosensororganic optoelectronic devicephotoplethysmogram (PPG)pulse meter

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Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Sensor technology

Background:

  • Wireless photoplethysmogram (PPG) monitoring is crucial for long-term health tracking.
  • Existing systems often face challenges with power consumption and signal quality.
  • Organic biosensors offer a potential solution for low-power, integrated sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the structural design of two organic biosensors.
  • To minimize power consumption in wireless PPG waveform monitoring.
  • To evaluate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and overall performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of two reflectance-based organic pulse meter devices on a single substrate.
  • Utilizing a red organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and an organic photodiode (OPD).
  • Comparison of devices with varying OLED areas and gap distances between OLED and OPD.

Main Results:

  • Both devices successfully collected PPG signals from a fingertip.
  • The optimized organic pulse meter achieved a low power consumption of 8 µW at 18 dB SNR.
  • Data transmission via Bluetooth low energy (BLE) at a maximum rate of 256 kbps was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed reflectance-based organic pulse meter design significantly reduces power consumption.
  • The optimized sensor structure enhances long-term wireless PPG monitoring capabilities.
  • Organic electronics provide a viable platform for efficient biosensing applications.