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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs
08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

577

Evaluation of Lung Injury in Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Kaitlyn T Marks1, Melissa W Landis1, Foong Y Lim2

  • 1The Perinatal Institute Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|July 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) show increased surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels, indicating lung injury, particularly around surgery and after ECMO. These findings suggest SP-D as a potential biomarker for monitoring CDH-related lung damage.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) poses significant risks to infants, with lung injury factors often unquantified.
  • Elevated surfactant protein D (SP-D) in adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome correlates with lung injury and poor outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether serum SP-D levels are elevated in infants with CDH.
  • To determine if SP-D levels correlate with the extent of lung injury in CDH infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study analyzing serum SP-D levels in 37 CDH infants and 5 controls.
  • Utilized a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for SP-D quantification.

Main Results:

  • CDH infants with more severe conditions exhibited significantly increased serum SP-D within the first month of life.
  • SP-D levels were comparable to controls during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) but rose 2.5-fold post-ECMO.
  • Serum SP-D increased 1.6-fold after diaphragmatic surgical repair, with levels peaking in the second postoperative week.

Conclusions:

  • CDH infants experience lung injury during the first week of life, around surgical repair, and upon ECMO cessation.
  • Serum SP-D emerges as a potential indicator of lung injury in neonates with CDH.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital diaphragmatic herniaExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationLung injurySurfactant protein D

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