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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays
Published on: September 26, 2011
Incentives for Viral Suppression in People Living with HIV: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Kenneth Silverman1, August F Holtyn2, Andrew M Rodewald2
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Learning and Health, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Suite 350 East, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. ksilverm@jhmi.edu.
Abstract:
The HIV/AIDS epidemic can be eliminated if 73% of people living with HIV take antiretroviral medications and achieve undetectable viral loads. This study assessed the effects of financial incentives in suppressing viral load. People living with HIV with detectable viral loads (N = 102) were randomly assigned to Usual Care or Incentive groups. Incentive participants earned up to $10 per day for 2 years for providing blood samples that showed either reduced or undetectable viral loads. This report presents data on the 1st year after random assignment. Incentive participants provided more (adjusted OR = 15.6, CI 4.2-58.8, p < 0.001) blood samples at 3-month assessments with undetectable viral load (72.1%) than usual care control participants (39.0%). We collected most blood samples. The study showed that incentives can substantially increase undetectable viral loads in people living with HIV. Financial incentives for suppressed viral loads could contribute to the eradication of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.
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