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Mitral Paravalvular Leak Closure: Transcatheter and Surgical Solutions

Sercan Okutucu1, Markus Mach2, Ali Oto1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Memorial Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine : Including Molecular Interventions
|July 15, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Paravalvular leaks (PVLs) after valve replacement can cause heart failure. Percutaneous treatment is now the preferred therapy for symptomatic PVLs, offering a less risky alternative to surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Paravalvular leak (PVL) is a significant complication following surgical valve replacement.
  • PVLs can lead to severe outcomes such as heart failure and hemolytic anemia.
  • Mitral valve replacements are most frequently affected by PVLs, occurring in 5-15% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical findings, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for mitral paravalvular leaks.
  • To compare surgical and percutaneous interventions for symptomatic PVLs.
  • To discuss device selection and outcomes for transcatheter PVL repair.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical findings and diagnostic modalities for PVL.
  • Assessment of laboratory findings relevant to PVL.
  • Evaluation of surgical and transcatheter treatment approaches.

Main Results:

  • Surgical re-intervention for PVLs carries high risks of morbidity and mortality.
  • Percutaneous treatment has emerged as the first-line therapy for symptomatic PVLs.
  • The review summarizes outcomes of various interventions for mitral PVLs.

Conclusions:

  • Percutaneous treatment offers a safer alternative to surgery for symptomatic paravalvular leaks.
  • Understanding diagnostic and therapeutic options is crucial for managing PVLs.
  • Transcatheter approaches represent a significant advancement in PVL management.
Keywords:
ClosureInterventionMitral valveParavalvular leakPercutaneousSurgery

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