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Methods of Documentation I: Source-Oriented Records

Methods of Documentation I: Source-Oriented Records

Source-oriented records, or SOR, are medical record-keeping organized by the data source. The SOR system was first developed in the mid-1900s to organize the growing patient data in hospitals and other healthcare facilities.
In an SOR, each discipline involved in patient care maintains a separate medical record section. This record-keeping method enables easy tracking of patient progress and ensures healthcare staff have access to up-to-date information.
Key Attributes include the following:

The Fossil Record

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The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...

Labeling Emotion

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Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...

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Types of Records I: Unit and Nurses Records

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Types of Records II: Educational and Administrative Records

Types of Records II: Educational and Administrative Records

Maintaining nurses' educational and administrative records in healthcare settings, including hospitals and nursing schools, is paramount. Here's a breakdown of the types of academic records mentioned:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Published on: April 2, 2010

Methods for single-cell recording and labeling in vivo.

Elena Cid¹, Liset M de la Prida¹

¹Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Ave Doctor Arce 37, Madrid, 28002, Spain.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

|July 15, 2019

Summary

This review details methods for in vivo single-neuron recording and labeling using glass micropipettes. It offers practical tips for optimizing techniques to identify cell types in the brain.

Keywords:

Cell-types Juxtacellular Loose-patch Sharp intracellular

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Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Single-unit In vivo Recordings from the Optic Chiasm of Rat

Published on: April 2, 2010

Single-cell Suction Recordings from Mouse Cone Photoreceptors

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Published on: January 5, 2010

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

In vivo 19F MRI for Cell Tracking

Published on: November 25, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Electrophysiology
Cell Biology

Background:

Studying individual neurons in vivo is crucial for understanding neural circuits.
Glass micropipettes remain the gold standard for correlating neuronal physiology with morphology.
Advances allow simultaneous recording from many cells, but single-cell analysis is still vital.

Purpose of the Study:

To review established procedures for in vivo electrophysiological recordings and subsequent labeling of single neurons.
To provide practical recommendations for optimizing various recording configurations.
To establish a framework for comprehensive cell-type identification.

Main Methods:

Review of in vivo electrophysiological recording techniques (sharp intracellular, juxtacellular, loose-patch, whole-cell).
Discussion of post hoc labeling methods for morphological analysis.
Framework for functional, neurochemical, and morphological cell identification.

Main Results:

Detailed operational recommendations for optimizing in vivo single-neuron recording configurations.
A generic framework for identifying cell types based on multiple parameters.
Highlighting emerging technologies that may advance single-cell analysis.

Conclusions:

Glass micropipettes are essential tools for detailed single-neuron analysis in vivo.
Optimized recording and labeling protocols are key for accurate cell-type identification.
Future approaches promise to further refine single-cell studies in the living brain.