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Related Experiment Videos

Ventricular differences between hydrostatic hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus ex vacuo by computed tomography.

M LeMay, F H Hochberg

    Neuroradiology
    |April 26, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hydrostatic hydrocephalus diagnosis is probable with specific CT scan measurements of temporal horns and fissures. These criteria aid in differentiating it from hydrocephalus ex vacuo.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiology
    • Neurology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain's ventricles.
    • Differentiating between hydrostatic hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus ex vacuo is crucial for appropriate clinical management.
    • Computed tomography (CT) is a primary imaging modality for evaluating hydrocephalus.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To establish CT-based criteria for the probable diagnosis of hydrostatic hydrocephalus.
    • To differentiate hydrostatic hydrocephalus from hydrocephalus ex vacuo using quantitative measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of transaxial CT scans from 100 patients with hydrostatic hydrocephalus and 50 with hydrocephalus ex vacuo.
    • Measurement of key ventricular and sulcal structures: frontal horn ratio, temporal horn width, third ventricle width, cerebral fissures, and sulci.

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    Main Results:

    • Hydrostatic hydrocephalus is probable when temporal horn tips (≥2 mm width) are visualized with non-visible fissures/sulci.
    • Alternatively, hydrostatic hydrocephalus is probable with visualized temporal horn tips (≥2 mm width) and symmetrically enlarged lateral ventricles (frontal horn ratio ≥0.50).

    Conclusions:

    • Specific CT measurements of temporal horn width and ventricular size can aid in diagnosing hydrostatic hydrocephalus.
    • These findings provide objective criteria for differentiating hydrostatic hydrocephalus from hydrocephalus ex vacuo on CT.