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Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
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Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: prevalence, impact and management challenges

M Vives1, A Hernandez2, F Parramon3

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care, Clinical Research Lead, Hospital Universitari Dr Josep Trueta, Universitat de Girona, Institut d´Investigació Biomédica de Girona (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.

International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease
|July 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a significant concern, increasing patient morbidity and mortality. This review examines CSA-AKI definitions, mechanisms, risk factors, and protective strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Perioperative Medicine

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical complication following cardiac surgery.
  • Perioperative AKI significantly elevates short-term morbidity, treatment costs, and long-term mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the definition, pathophysiology, and clinical course of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI).
  • To identify diverse mechanisms and risk factors contributing to renal insult in CSA-AKI.
  • To scrutinize promising renal protective strategies and discuss novel diagnostic biomarkers for AKI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of well-designed studies on CSA-AKI.
  • Analysis of current theories on CSA-AKI pathophysiology.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools, including novel biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • CSA-AKI presents diverse mechanisms and risk factors.
  • Several renal protective strategies show promise.
  • Novel biomarkers may aid in AKI diagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding CSA-AKI's multifaceted nature is crucial for effective management.
  • Proactive renal protection and advanced diagnostics are key to improving outcomes after cardiac surgery.

Keywords:
acute kidney injuryacute renal failurecardiac surgerypreventiontherapy

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