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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel digital method to extract optical phase from a single fringe pattern. The technique uses Riesz transform components for accurate, real-time phase measurement in interferometry.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Digital Image Processing
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Phase-shifting interferometry typically requires multiple fringe patterns.
    • Extracting phase from a single fringe pattern is challenging but desirable for real-time applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a digital four-step phase-shifting method for optical phase extraction from a single fringe pattern.
    • To demonstrate the method's robustness and accuracy for real-time measurement.

    Main Methods:

    • A digital four-step phase-shifting method is proposed.
    • It utilizes Riesz transform components to generate three π/2 phase-shifted patterns from a single input fringe pattern.
    • The wrapped phase map is then extracted.

    Main Results:

    • The method's validity is confirmed using simulated and experimental fringe patterns.
    • Performance is evaluated using image quality and edge preservation indices.
    • Accurate phase extraction was achieved even with speckled correlation fringes from digital speckle pattern interferometry.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed method offers a simple, robust, and accurate solution for optical phase extraction from a single fringe pattern.
    • Its suitability for real-time measurement applications is demonstrated.