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Related Concept Videos

Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

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When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
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Frictional Forces on Screws01:17

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Screws are characterized by a helical ridge known as a thread wrapped around a cylindrical shaft. They are commonly used as fasteners to hold objects together or to transmit power and motion in machines. One type of screw that is particularly useful for transmitting power is the square-threaded screw.
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Flat belts are commonly used in various industrial applications for transmitting power from one pulley to another. When a flat belt is wrapped around a set of pulleys, it experiences different tensions at the driving pulley ends due to the friction between the belt and pulley surface. When the pulley moves in a counterclockwise direction, the tension T2 on the opposite side of the pulley where the belt is moving away from is higher than the tension T1 on the side where the belt is moving...
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Static and Kinetic Frictional Force01:05

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One of the simpler characteristics of sliding friction is that it is parallel to the contact surfaces between systems, and is always in a direction that opposes the motion or attempted motion of the systems relative to each other. If two systems are in contact and moving relative to one another, then the friction between them is called kinetic friction. For example, kinetic friction slows a hockey puck sliding on ice.
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Consider a truck trying to pull a stationary car. As the truck exerts a force on the car, static friction is created at the point of contact between the two surfaces. This frictional force resists the car's movement and keeps it at rest. However, when the applied force by the truck surpasses the limiting static frictional force, an interesting phenomenon occurs. The frictional force at the interface reduces to a lower value, known as the kinetic frictional force. At this point, the car...
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Types of Friction Problems01:27

Types of Friction Problems

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Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
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Prophylaxis protocols and their impact on bracket friction force.

Sérgio Elias Neves Cury, Silvio Augusto Bellini-Pereira, Aron Aliaga-Del Castillo

    The Angle Orthodontist
    |July 16, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental prophylaxis using sodium bicarbonate or glycine significantly reduces friction during orthodontic leveling and alignment. This prevents debris accumulation, improving sliding mechanics in vivo.

    Keywords:
    CorrectiveDental prophylaxisOrthodontic frictionOrthodontics

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    Area of Science:

    • Orthodontics
    • Biomaterials Science
    • Dental Hygiene

    Background:

    • Friction is a critical factor in orthodontic sliding mechanics, influencing treatment efficiency.
    • Debris accumulation on brackets can increase friction, potentially hindering leveling and alignment.
    • Prophylaxis protocols aim to maintain oral hygiene and may impact bracket-surface interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the impact of sodium bicarbonate and glycine prophylaxis on friction forces during orthodontic sliding mechanics.
    • To assess the effect of these prophylactic measures on bracket debris accumulation in vivo.

    Main Methods:

    • A clinical study involving 48 hemi-arches divided into three groups: sodium bicarbonate prophylaxis, glycine prophylaxis, and no prophylaxis (control).
    • Monthly prophylaxis was administered for 10 months.
    • Friction force testing and scanning electron microscopy were used for analysis after bracket removal.

    Main Results:

    • Groups receiving prophylaxis (sodium bicarbonate or glycine) exhibited significantly lower friction forces compared to the control group.
    • Qualitative analysis revealed less debris accumulation on brackets in the prophylactic groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Prophylactic air-polishing with sodium bicarbonate or glycine effectively minimizes friction increase during sliding mechanics in orthodontic treatment.
    • These prophylactic methods contribute to cleaner bracket surfaces, potentially enhancing treatment outcomes.