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Hierarchically designed bone scaffolds: From internal cues to external stimuli.
Yingying Du1, Jason L Guo2, Jianglin Wang1
1Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
Biomaterials
|July 16, 2019
Summary
Hierarchically designed scaffolds mimic bone's natural structure, advancing bone tissue engineering. These advanced biomaterials offer promising alternatives to traditional cell-based therapies for bone regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Bone tissue engineering aims to regenerate bone by mimicking its microenvironment using cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors.
- Recent material science advancements allow scaffold fabrication that replicates native bone's hierarchical features, from molecular to nano/micro-scale properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent progress in designing hierarchical materials and scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
- To highlight biomimetic strategies that leverage native bone features across multiple design levels.
Main Methods:
- Discusses biomimetic strategies including element-doped bioceramics, nanoscale biomineralization using molecular templates, micro/nanoscale scaffold architecture fabrication, and macroscale physical stimuli.
- Evaluates in vitro and in vivo outcomes of these hierarchically designed scaffolds in promoting osteogenic development.
Main Results:
- Hierarchically designed scaffolds demonstrate potential to enhance osteogenic tissue development.
- These advanced scaffolds can potentially reduce or eliminate the need for cells and biological factors, overcoming clinical and regulatory hurdles.
Conclusions:
- Further development of hierarchically designed materials and scaffolds is crucial for clinical translation of bone tissue engineering therapies.
- Biomimetic approaches across multiple hierarchical levels are key to creating effective bone regeneration solutions.
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