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The association between headache and low back pain: a systematic review
Arani Vivekanantham1,2,3, Claire Edwin4,5, Tamar Pincus6
1University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. a.vivekanantham@doctors.org.uk.
The Journal of Headache and Pain
|July 17, 2019
Summary
Persistent low back pain (LBP) is positively associated with primary chronic headaches. This systematic review highlights a significant link, though study variations limit definitive conclusions on headache and LBP definitions.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pain Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Chronic headaches and persistent low back pain (LBP) are common conditions.
- Understanding the relationship between these conditions is crucial for effective patient management.
- Previous research suggests a potential link, but a systematic review is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review studies quantifying the association between primary chronic headaches and persistent LBP.
- To explore associations between the severity of LBP and headache.
- To investigate the relationship between specific headache subtypes and persistent LBP.
Main Methods:
- Searched five electronic databases for relevant studies.
- Included case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies with headache and back pain-free groups.
- Assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Main Results:
- Included 14 studies with participant numbers ranging from 88 to over 400,000.
- Identified odds ratios for the association between 1.55 and 8.00.
- Statistical pooling was not possible due to study heterogeneity.
Conclusions:
- A positive association exists between persistent LBP and primary headache disorders.
- The quality of findings is limited by diverse populations, study designs, and definitions of headache and LBP.
- Further research with standardized definitions is warranted.
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