Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
Published on: July 27, 2022
Process optimization of anammox-driven hydroxyapatite crystallization for simultaneous nitrogen removal and
Lan Lin1, Yanlong Zhang1, Markus Beckman2
1College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
Abstract:
Based on the requirements for advanced treatment and resource recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in wastewater, the coupled anammox and hydroxyapatite crystallization (anammox-HAP) process was studied with an aim of achieving high efficiency and low energy consumption during simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In the long-term experiments and batch tests, the effects of substrate conditions (nitrogen and phosphorus load, calcium concentration, etc.) on the nitrogen removal and phosphorus recovery efficiencies were investigated. The granular structure and crystal properties were analyzed together with microscopic characterization methods, and the formation mechanism of coupled anammox-HAP granules was verified. Based on these experiments, a theoretical model and technical method for realizing the coupled process were established, and a reference for practical engineering application was provided.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
The Nitrogen Cycle
The Phosphorus Cycle
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
Ionic Crystal Structures
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

