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Regulation of Stroke Volume

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume

Cardiac output (CO) is an integral aspect of human physiology, reflecting the heart's efficiency and responsiveness to the body's needs. It represents the volume of blood that the left or right ventricle ejects into the aorta or pulmonary trunk each minute. The CO is calculated by multiplying the heart rate (HR)—the number of heartbeats per minute—by the stroke volume (SV)—the amount of blood pumped out with each heartbeat.
In an average resting adult male, the typical cardiac...

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...

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Haptic/Graphic Rehabilitation: Integrating a Robot into a Virtual Environment Library and Applying it to Stroke Therapy

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Interesting Case of Stroke.

Sreenivasa Rao Sudulagunta¹, Mahesh Babu Sodalagunta², Mona Sepehrar³

¹MD Hospitalist, Columbia Asia Hospital, Kirloskar Business park, Bangalore, Karnataka.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

|July 18, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A 46-year-old female experienced severe headache and right-sided weakness, diagnosed with right hemiplegia. Elevated fibrinogen levels were noted, suggesting potential thrombotic events in this neurological case.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Cardiology
Hematology

Background:

This case report details a 46-year-old female patient presenting with acute neurological deficits.
The patient reported severe headache and right-sided weakness, indicative of a potential cerebrovascular event.

Observation:

Physical examination revealed right hemiplegia and elevated blood pressure (144/90 mm Hg).
Laboratory investigations showed elevated Creatine Kinase (470 IU/L) and a significant increase in fibrinogen levels from 17.9 mg/dl to 24.6 mg/dl over one week.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) indicated an incomplete left bundle branch block, while echocardiography results were normal.

Findings:

The patient presented with right hemiplegia and elevated fibrinogen, a marker for coagulation.
Elevated Creatine Kinase suggests muscle or cardiac involvement, though echocardiography was normal.
An incomplete left bundle branch block on ECG warrants cardiovascular monitoring.

Implications:

The elevated fibrinogen levels in conjunction with neurological symptoms may suggest a hypercoagulable state.
Further investigation into the cause of hemiplegia and elevated fibrinogen is crucial for appropriate management.
This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in evaluating complex neurological presentations with potential systemic implications.