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Intellectual Disability01:29

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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing...
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David Wechsler, a psychologist who worked with World War I veterans, developed a significant IQ test in 1939 called the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. This test was innovative because it combined several subtests that measured both verbal and nonverbal skills, reflecting Wechsler's belief that intelligence is a global capacity involving purposeful action, rational thinking, and effective interaction with the environment. This test later evolved into the Wechsler Adult Intelligence...
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Multiple sclerosis relapses contribute to long-term disability.

Thomas F Scott1,2, Daniel Diehl1, Wisam Elmalik1

  • 1Neurology and Neuroscience Institute, Allegheny General Hospital, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|July 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Relapse-associated disability significantly contributes to overall worsening in multiple sclerosis over 15 years. Reducing relapses may offer long-term benefits for patients with relapse-onset MS.

Keywords:
MSexpanded disability status scaleprogressionrelapse

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Clinical Research
  • Disability Studies

Background:

  • Measuring the long-term impact of treatments on disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging.
  • Understanding the contribution of relapse-related disability to overall disease progression is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the role of relapse-associated disability in overall disability accumulation in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis (RMS).
  • To analyze long-term disability data up to 15 years post-onset in a clinical cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 176 newly diagnosed RMS patients.
  • Yearly assessment of disability worsening, attributed to relapse (RW) or progression (PW), over 15 years.
  • Utilized Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) for measurements.

Main Results:

  • Relapse-worsening (RW) was a major contributor to disability in the first 15 years of RMS.
  • RW accounted for 63% of EDSS changes in the first decade and 34% in years 11-15.
  • Median disability change from RW and progression-worsening (PW) was similar over 15 years.

Conclusions:

  • Disability worsening in treated MS patients is frequently linked to relapses.
  • Reducing relapses presents a potential strategy for achieving long-term benefits in RMS.