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Related Concept Videos

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

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Periodontitis and Systemic Health: An Interconnected Relationship.

Daniel Diehl1

  • 1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Herdecke University, Witten, Germany. Daniel.Diehl@uni-wh.de.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The oral-systemic health connection highlights how gum disease is linked to systemic conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Improving oral health may help manage these overall health issues.

Keywords:
ArthritisCancerDiabetesPeriodontitisSystemic inflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Health and Systemic Medicine
  • Periodontology and Public Health

Background:

  • The oral-systemic health connection describes the bidirectional relationship between oral and overall systemic health.
  • Periodontal diseases are increasingly linked to systemic conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological and clinical evidence supporting the oral-systemic health link.
  • To explore mechanistic pathways, such as bacterial translocation and systemic inflammation, connecting oral and systemic health.
  • To discuss the potential of improving periodontal health as an adjunctive therapy for systemic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of mechanistic evidence for causal relationships.
  • Discussion of periodontal treatment's impact on systemic disease management.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports associations between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions like CVD, diabetes, APOs, and cancer.
  • Pathways include host-microbe interactions, periodontal tissue destruction, systemic inflammation, and bacterial translocation.
  • Improving periodontal health may reduce systemic disease risk and severity.

Conclusions:

  • A strong link exists between oral health and systemic health, with periodontal disease playing a significant role.
  • Mechanistic evidence suggests potential causal relationships that warrant further investigation.
  • Periodontal treatment offers a promising adjunctive approach for managing systemic health conditions.