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To err again is human: exploring a bidirectional relationship between pressure and performance failure feedback.

David J Harris1, Samuel J Vine1, Michael W Eysenck2

  • 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter , UK.

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High pressure in sports increases performance failures, especially after previous mistakes. Attentional Control Theory: Sport (ACTS) accurately predicts these effects using real-world football data.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Sport Psychology
  • Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Laboratory studies show pressure negatively impacts skilled performance.
  • Real-world data is needed to test theoretical models of pressure effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test Attentional Control Theory: Sport (ACTS) predictions.
  • To analyze pressure effects on performance using National Football League (NFL) data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a scoring system for pressure on over 200,000 NFL offensive plays.
  • Utilized Bayesian regression to examine performance, pressure, and preceding negative outcomes.

Main Results:

  • High-pressure plays showed increased failure rates (OR=1.20).
  • Plays following failure also had higher failure rates (OR=1.09).
  • Previous failures amplified pressure's negative impact (OR=1.10), supporting ACTS.

Conclusions:

  • Momentary pressure changes are crucial in real-world sports.
  • Failure feedback significantly influences the pressure-performance relationship.