Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

3.1K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
3.1K
EDTA: Indirect and Alkalimetric Titration01:23

EDTA: Indirect and Alkalimetric Titration

1.8K
Unlike direct titration, back-titration, and displacement titration, indirect titration is an EDTA titration method for quantifying anions. In the indirect titration method, anions are precipitated as their insoluble salts with excess metal ions. The filtrate containing the excess metal ions is directly titrated with standard EDTA until the endpoint is achieved. Another approach involves extracting the metal ion and back-titrating with standard EDTA to obtain the endpoint. In this way, the...
1.8K
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

17.7K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
17.7K
Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods01:27

Microbial Growth Measurement: Indirect Methods

1.4K
Estimating microbial growth is essential for understanding population dynamics and environmental adaptations. Indirect methods provide valuable insights by measuring parameters such as turbidity, metabolic activity, and biomass, enabling efficient and reproducible assessments.During exponential growth, microbial cells scatter light proportionally to their biomass, a principle used in turbidity measurements. About one million cells per milliliter produce detectable scattering, which a...
1.4K
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics01:22

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

1.6K
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, or anticholinesterases, enhance the body's cholinergic activity by inhibiting acetylcholine's breakdown. They are categorized as reversible or irreversible agents based on their mechanism of action. They are further classified into short-acting, intermediate-acting, and long-acting agents based on their duration of action.
Reversible agents containing quaternary amines, such as neostigmine and edrophonium, are not easily absorbed orally because they...
1.6K
Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents01:25

Adrenergic Agonists: Indirect-Acting Agents

2.6K
Indirect-acting adrenergic agonists potentiate the effects of endogenous catecholamines through different mechanisms without directly binding to adrenoceptors.
One mechanism involves depleting stored catecholamines by displacing them from synaptic vesicles. These agents, known as "displacers," are transported into vesicles at the expense of noradrenaline. Examples include amphetamine and tyramine, which lack a catechol moiety, resulting in prolonged action, improved oral...
2.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Regression-Based Normative Data for the Inhibitory Control Test (ICT) and the Switching Test (ST) of the HEllas BAttery of Cognitive Control (HEBACC) in the Greek Adult Population Aged 20-79 Years years old.

Applied neuropsychology. Adult·2026
Same author

Swimming behavior of Daphnia dentifera is influenced by Australozyma monospora infection.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Characterizing the Microbiome and Prevalence of Wolbachia in Culex pipiens Complex and Culex restuans Mosquitoes in the Midwest United States.

Microbial ecology·2026
Same author

Genotype by environmental interactions shape insecticide resistance phenotypes in Culex pipiens and Culex restuans.

Heredity·2026
Same author

The Role of Host Immunity and the Environment in Seasonal Disease Dynamics.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026
Same author

Reviving Élie Metschnikoff's Monospora: the obligately parasitic yeast Australozyma monospora sp. nov.

FEMS yeast research·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Dissection of Drosophila melanogaster Indirect Flight Muscles for Microscopy Approaches
09:47

Dissection of Drosophila melanogaster Indirect Flight Muscles for Microscopy Approaches

Published on: November 7, 2025

685

Indirect effects in a planktonic disease system.

Zoi Rapti1, Tara E Stewart Merrill2, Bridget Mueller-Brennan1

  • 1Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1409 W. Green St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Theoretical Population Biology
|July 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Indirect effects in ecological networks significantly alter species interactions, mimicking direct effects. Comprehensive models are essential to disentangle these complex ecological dynamics.

Keywords:
DaphniaIncompetent hostMathematical modelMussel competitorYeast parasite

More Related Videos

An Ultra-clean Multilayer Apparatus for Collecting Size Fractionated Marine Plankton and Suspended Particles
09:01

An Ultra-clean Multilayer Apparatus for Collecting Size Fractionated Marine Plankton and Suspended Particles

Published on: April 19, 2018

9.3K
Establishing the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration of an Antimicrobial Agent for Planktonic Cells MBC-P and Biofilm Cells MBC-B
06:36

Establishing the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration of an Antimicrobial Agent for Planktonic Cells MBC-P and Biofilm Cells MBC-B

Published on: January 2, 2014

20.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Dissection of Drosophila melanogaster Indirect Flight Muscles for Microscopy Approaches
09:47

Dissection of Drosophila melanogaster Indirect Flight Muscles for Microscopy Approaches

Published on: November 7, 2025

685
An Ultra-clean Multilayer Apparatus for Collecting Size Fractionated Marine Plankton and Suspended Particles
09:01

An Ultra-clean Multilayer Apparatus for Collecting Size Fractionated Marine Plankton and Suspended Particles

Published on: April 19, 2018

9.3K
Establishing the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration of an Antimicrobial Agent for Planktonic Cells MBC-P and Biofilm Cells MBC-B
06:36

Establishing the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration of an Antimicrobial Agent for Planktonic Cells MBC-P and Biofilm Cells MBC-B

Published on: January 2, 2014

20.6K

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Theoretical Ecology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Indirect ecological effects, including density-mediated and trait-mediated impacts, are crucial in species interactions.
  • These effects operate within competitive and mutualistic networks, influencing population dynamics.
  • Understanding the interplay of direct and indirect effects is vital for ecological modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined influence of direct density-effects and indirect density- and trait-mediated effects.
  • To analyze a yeast parasite-zooplankton host-incompetent competitor system within a food web context.
  • To determine if indirect effects can be distinguished from direct effects in ecological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a four-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations.
  • Analysis of a complex food web model including resources, predators, a host, and a parasite.
  • Mathematical modeling to explore ecological interaction dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Indirect effects were found to induce changes qualitatively and quantitatively similar to direct effects.
  • The study demonstrated that direct and indirect mechanisms are difficult to disentangle.
  • The findings highlight the significant impact of indirect interactions on population dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Ecological models must integrate both direct and indirect effects for accurate field data representation.
  • Indirect effects play a substantial role, often indistinguishable from direct effects.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex web of ecological interactions.