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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects
Published on: August 4, 2020
3-DIEPrinting: 3D-printed Models to Assist the Intramuscular Dissection in Abdominally Based Microsurgical Breast
Eric M Jablonka1, Robin T Wu2, Paul A Mittermiller1
1Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif.
Abstract:
Harvest of the deep inferior epigastric vessels for microsurgical breast reconstruction can be complicated by an intricate and lengthy subfascial dissection. Although multiple preoperative imaging modalities exist to help visualize the vascular anatomy and assist in perforator selection, few can help clearly define the intramuscular course of these vessels. The authors introduce their early experience with 3D-printed anatomical modeling (to-scale) of the infraumbilical course of the deep inferior epigastric subfascial vascular tree to better assist in executing the intramuscular dissection.
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