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Bacteremia in Diarrheal Children With Severe Pneumonia

Haimanti Saha1, Lubaba Shahrin1, Monira Sarmin1

  • 1International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Global Pediatric Health
|July 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with diarrhea and severe pneumonia show higher rates of bacteremia, predominantly from gram-negative bacteria. This finding suggests potential adjustments for antibiotic guidelines in managing these coexisting childhood illnesses.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Diarrhea and pneumonia are leading causes of mortality in children under five.
  • Limited data exists on the bacterial causes of severe pneumonia in children who also have diarrhea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bacterial pathogens in the blood of children under five with severe pneumonia, particularly those with coexisting diarrhea.
  • To analyze the prevalence and types of bacteremia in severe pneumonia cases with and without diarrhea.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at icddr,b (International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh).
  • Analysis of blood cultures from children under five admitted with severe pneumonia between January 2014 and December 2014.
  • Comparison of bacteremia rates and causative organisms in children with and without concurrent diarrhea.

Main Results:

  • Out of 159 children, 118 had diarrhea.
  • 13 bacterial isolates were identified, with gram-negative bacteria being predominant (85%).
  • Children with both severe pneumonia and diarrhea had a higher proportion of bacteremia (10.16%) compared to those with pneumonia alone (2.43%), though not statistically significant (P = .186).

Conclusions:

  • Coexistence of diarrhea and severe pneumonia is associated with a higher rate of bacteremia, particularly from gram-negative bacteria.
  • The findings highlight a specific bacterial etiology trend in children with diarrhea and pneumonia.
  • Results may inform revised antibiotic guidelines for managing severe pneumonia in children with concurrent diarrhea.

Keywords:
bacteremiadiarrheapediatricspneumonia

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