Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

56.1K
The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
56.1K
Storage01:23

Storage

369
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
369
What are Estimates?01:06

What are Estimates?

8.2K
It isn't easy to measure a parameter such as the mean height or the mean weight of a population. So, we draw samples from the population and calculate the mean height or mean weight of the individuals in the sample. This sample data acts as a representative measure of the population parameter. These sample statistics are known as estimates. 
The estimate for the mean of a sample is denoted by ͞x, whereas the mean of the population is designated as μ. Further, parameters such...
8.2K
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

1.4K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.4K
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

7.2K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.2K
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

827
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
827

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Number adaptation survives spatial displacement.

Current biology : CB·2025
Same author

Overconfidence Persists Despite Years of Accurate, Precise, Public, and Continuous Feedback: Two Studies of Tournament Chess Players.

Psychological science·2025
Same author

Logical Concepts of (Im)possibility Guide Young Children's Decision-Making.

Developmental science·2025
Same author

Providing Education and Training to Health Care Professionals to Address COVID-19 Health Disparities: Protocol for Implementation Project Using Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance Framework.

JMIR research protocols·2025
Same author

Subjective evidence evaluation survey for many-analysts studies.

Royal Society open science·2024
Same author

A Continuity in Logical Development: Domain-General Disjunctive Inference by Toddlers.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science·2024
Same journal

Low prevalence targets are primarily missed due to mind wandering.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

An introduction to the special issue celebrating Mary A. Peterson.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Properties of the threshold stimulus exposure duration (TSED) measure of visual search efficiency.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Auditory selective attention in depth: Investigating directional dependency across front, lateral, and rear spaces.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Dissociations between stereoacuity and visual acuity with binocular night vision goggles.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Reward-based prioritization and perceptual feature effects on attentional flexibility in working memory.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI
06:02

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Published on: February 3, 2015

9.7K

Using the flicker task to estimate visual working memory storage capacity.

Hrag Pailian1, Daniel J Simons2, Jeffrey Wetherhold3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, William James Hall, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. pailian@fas.harvard.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|July 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Visual working memory (VWM) capacity, estimated using the flicker task, remains around 3-4 items even with more objects. This finding validates the flicker task for measuring VWM capacity over time.

Keywords:
CapacityChange detectionMemoryProximitySimilarityTop-downVSTMVisual working memory

More Related Videos

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.0K
An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI
06:02

Topographical Estimation of Visual Population Receptive Fields by fMRI

Published on: February 3, 2015

9.7K
A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

12.0K
An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze
14:24

An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

Published on: July 29, 2025

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Traditional "one-shot" change detection tasks estimate visual working memory (VWM) capacity at 3-4 objects.
  • These tasks are limited in measuring VWM over time and with larger set sizes.
  • The flicker change detection task offers potential for more comprehensive VWM assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate VWM capacity using the flicker task with subtle stimuli.
  • To determine the most effective VWM capacity measure (response time vs. changes viewed).
  • To investigate VWM capacity with increased object numbers and temporal dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments utilized the flicker change detection task with simple visual stimuli (varying luminance/color).
  • Manipulated display duration, interstimulus intervals, and array size.
  • Assessed VWM capacity through response time and number of changes viewed.

Main Results:

  • VWM capacity estimates remained consistent (around 3-4 items) across various display parameters.
  • Capacity limits were largely unaffected by changes in display duration, interval, and array size.
  • Flicker task capacity estimates correlated with those from the "one-shot" task.

Conclusions:

  • The flicker task provides a reliable measure of VWM capacity, consistent with traditional methods.
  • VWM capacity appears robust and less influenced by display complexity or duration than previously thought.
  • The flicker task is validated as a valuable tool for studying VWM capacity dynamics.