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Related Concept Videos

Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
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No Bones About It: Small Molecules for Bone Regeneration.

Jae Won Chang1, Raymond E Moellering1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Cell Chemical Biology
|July 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a novel small-molecule activator that promotes bone formation and regeneration. This finding offers potential therapeutic strategies for bone injuries and osteoporosis treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Osteogenesis, the process of bone formation, is crucial for skeletal development and repair.
  • Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk.
  • Current therapeutic strategies for bone regeneration and osteoporosis have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel small-molecule activators of osteogenesis.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of these activators in animal models of bone injury and osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput screening of small-molecule libraries.
  • In vitro assays to assess effects on osteoblast differentiation and activity.
  • In vivo studies using developmental and adult animal models for skeletal regeneration and bone remodeling.

Main Results:

  • A novel small-molecule activator was identified that significantly enhances osteogenesis.
  • The activator promoted skeletal regeneration in developmental animal models.
  • The activator demonstrated efficacy in enhancing bone remodeling in adult animal models, relevant to osteoporosis.

Conclusions:

  • The identified small molecule represents a promising therapeutic agent for enhancing bone formation and regeneration.
  • This discovery holds significant potential for treating traumatic bone injuries and managing osteoporosis.