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Related Experiment Videos

Ascorbic acid neutralizes reactive oxidants released by hyperactive phagocytes from cigarette smokers.

R Anderson1, A J Theron, G J Ras

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.

Lung
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Smokers exhibit increased oxidative responses in phagocytes compared to nonsmokers. Ascorbate effectively reduces these oxidants, suggesting its potential in identifying smokers at risk for smoking-related diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oxidative Stress Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) show bimodal luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (LECL) upon FMLP stimulation, indicating extracellular and intracellular oxidative responses.
  • Reactive oxygen species generation by phagocytes is crucial in immune function but can be dysregulated in conditions like smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a whole blood method for measuring FMLP-activated LECL.
  • To assess the impact of smoking on phagocyte-derived oxidant generation.
  • To investigate the effects of ascorbate (antioxidant) on oxidant generation in smokers and nonsmokers, both in vitro and after oral administration.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a whole blood assay to measure FMLP-activated LECL, confirming its phagocyte-derived nature using blood from patients with chronic granulomatous disease.

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  • Compared LECL responses in blood from 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers.
  • Investigated the dose-dependent effects of ascorbate co-incubation and single oral dose administration on LECL responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Smokers' blood showed significantly increased FMLP-activated extracellular (58% increase) and intracellular (75% increase) oxidant generation compared to nonsmokers.
    • In vitro ascorbate addition dose-dependently neutralized extracellular oxidants.
    • Oral administration of ascorbate mimicked the in vitro effects, reducing oxidant generation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed whole blood LECL assay accurately reflects phagocyte oxidative activity.
    • Smoking is associated with heightened phagocyte oxidative responses.
    • Ascorbate demonstrates significant antioxidant capacity against smoking-induced oxidative stress, suggesting potential for risk assessment in smokers.