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Class and ambition in the status attainment process: A Spanish replication.

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Family background and individual ambition significantly impact adult status in Spain. While both are crucial, family socio-economic status shows lasting influence, suggesting a common youth trajectory for native and immigrant descendants.

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Economics
  • Demography

Background:

  • Two main theories explain early adulthood status: intergenerational transmission of privilege (structuralist) and individual traits like ambition (psycho-social).
  • Segmented Assimilation theory highlights immigrant generational status transmission, emphasizing co-ethnic resources for upward mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test structuralist and psycho-social predictions of status attainment in Spain.
  • To analyze the roles of family socio-economic status and ambition in educational and occupational outcomes.
  • To examine immigrant generational status transmission and co-ethnic resource effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a large longitudinal sample of youth in Spain.
  • Included both children of native parentage and children of immigrants.
  • Employed predictive models of status attainment, controlling for ambition and family status.

Main Results:

  • Both family socio-economic status and adolescent ambition significantly predict educational and occupational attainment.
  • Family status influence persists even after controlling for ambition.
  • Co-ethnic nationality influence diminishes, except for Chinese and Filipino youth, aligning with segmented assimilation.
  • Status attainment models are similar for native and immigrant youth, suggesting integration into a common youth universe.

Conclusions:

  • Family socio-economic status and ambition are key determinants of status in Spain.
  • Immigrant youth in Spain largely follow similar status attainment paths as native youth.
  • Segmented assimilation dynamics are observed for specific immigrant groups, indicating nuanced integration patterns.