Anatomical analyses for maxillary sinus floor augmentation with a lateral approach: A cone beam computed tomography...

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Radiology
• Anatomy

Background:

• Maxillary sinus anatomy requires thorough evaluation before sinus floor elevation surgery.
• Understanding anatomical references is vital for successful lateral approach sinus floor elevation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate anatomical structures and references involved in sinus floor elevation using a lateral approach.
• To identify key anatomical landmarks for optimizing surgical planning.

Main Methods:

• Eighty-eight maxillary sinuses from 75 patients were analyzed using cone beam computed tomographies (CBCTs).
• Key measurements included nasal floor reference, mucosa width, bone crest height, PNR angle, sinus width, distance X-F, PSAA height and diameter, lateral bone wall width, ostium patency, and septa presence/position.

Main Results:

• Mean values were reported for mucosa thickness (2.0±1.4mm), bone crest height (2.8±1.4mm), distance X-F (8.3±1.9mm), PNR angle (135.5±23.1°), sinus width (12.6±4.2mm), PSAA height (14.4±2.9mm), PSAA diameter (1.1±0.4mm), LW 3mm (1.5±1.2mm), LW 9mm (1.3±0.6mm), and OP (1.9±0.4mm).
• Sinus septa were present in 19.3% of evaluated sinuses, predominantly in the molar region.

Conclusions:

• CBCT analysis before sinus floor elevation enables identification of critical anatomical structures.
• This identification aids in planning the surgical approach, improving treatment outcomes, and preventing potential complications.