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Inhibitory autapse mediates anticipated synchronization between coupled neurons.

Marcel A Pinto1, Osvaldo A Rosso1,2, Fernanda S Matias1

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Anticipated synchronization (AS) in coupled neurons can occur with an inhibitory autapse, a massive self-innervation. This autapse facilitates a transition from delayed synchronization (DS) to AS, even enabling faster receiver dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Dynamical Systems Theory
  • Neuro-inspired Computing

Background:

  • Anticipated synchronization (AS) is a phenomenon where a receiver system synchronizes with a sender system before the sender does.
  • Previous studies demonstrated AS in three-neuron motifs with external inhibitory interneurons.
  • Autapses, massive self-connections in cortical neurons, are increasingly recognized for their role in neural dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for AS in a two-neuron model incorporating an inhibitory autapse.
  • To explore the role of the autapse in regulating receiver neuron dynamics and enabling AS.
  • To analyze the transition between delayed synchronization (DS) and AS under varying autaptic strengths.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-neuron model with unidirectional coupling.
  • Introduced a GABAergic inhibitory autapse to the receiver neuron, providing delayed negative self-feedback.
  • Simulated the system dynamics across a range of inhibitory conductance values.

Main Results:

  • The inhibitory autapse successfully induced AS in the two-neuron system.
  • A smooth transition from DS to AS was observed with increasing inhibitory conductance.
  • The autapse was found to accelerate the free-running dynamics of the uncoupled receiver neuron, potentially underlying AS and the DS-AS transition.
  • The system exhibited robustness to parameter variations within physiological ranges.
  • At very high autapse strengths, a phase-drift regime emerged where the receiver outpaced the sender.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibitory autapses provide a biologically plausible mechanism for achieving AS in simple neural circuits.
  • The autapse's ability to enhance receiver dynamics is crucial for both AS and the observed DS-AS transition.
  • This finding highlights the significant functional role of autapses in neural information processing and synchronization phenomena.