Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

3.7K
The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
3.7K
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

4.9K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
4.9K
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

4.7K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
4.7K
Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division

2.1K
The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) alone accounts for approximately 75...
2.1K
Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy

4.5K
The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
4.5K
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

4.4K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pectoralis Major Muscle Necrosis After Selective Arterial Embolization: A Case Report With Reconstructive Considerations.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026
Same author

Beta event-related synchronization after muscle contraction is modulated by voluntary movement patterns: An EEG and MEG study.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Total Cranial Vault Remodeling Using Multidirectional Cranial Distraction Osteogenesis in Craniosynostosis.

Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open·2026
Same author

Efficacy and safety of multimodality therapy stratified by resection rate and molecular markers in children and adolescents with ependymoma: JCCG EPN23 protocol.

Japanese journal of clinical oncology·2026
Same author

What Is the Pterygomandibular Raphe? A Confluence of Fasciae Rather Than a Discrete Structure.

Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

An Ultra-late Recurrence with Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma-like Malignant Transformation of a Pineal Immature Teratoma after 35 Years: A Case Report.

NMC case report journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model
04:24

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model

Published on: November 14, 2018

6.7K

Multidirectional cranial distraction osteogenesis technique for treating bicoronal synostosis.

Ataru Sunaga1, Yasushi Sugawara2, Akira Gomi3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Plastic Surgery, Jichi Children's Medical Center Tochigi, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, 329-0498 Tochigi, Japan; Department of Plastic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1, Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan.

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|July 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Multidirectional cranial distraction osteogenesis (MCDO) offers improved surgical correction for bicoronal synostosis. This technique successfully expands the cranium and corrects forehead flatness in young patients.

Keywords:
Apert syndromeBicoronal synostosisDistraction osteogenesis

More Related Videos

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
09:26

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

Published on: October 23, 2017

7.9K
Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts
13:16

Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts

Published on: December 22, 2015

11.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model
04:24

A Mouse Distraction Osteogenesis Model

Published on: November 14, 2018

6.7K
An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur
09:26

An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol for Distraction Osteogenesis in a Rat Model Leading to a Functional Regenerated Femur

Published on: October 23, 2017

7.9K
Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts
13:16

Computed Tomography and Optical Imaging of Osteogenesis-angiogenesis Coupling to Assess Integration of Cranial Bone Autografts and Allografts

Published on: December 22, 2015

11.9K

Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial surgery
  • Pediatric neurosurgery
  • Orthognathic surgery

Background:

  • Fronto-orbital advancement using distraction osteogenesis is a standard treatment for bicoronal synostosis.
  • Existing methods have limitations in achieving comprehensive morphological correction.
  • Bicoronal synostosis often results in abnormal head shape and potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a novel multidirectional cranial distraction osteogenesis (MCDO) technique.
  • To assess the morphological outcomes in pediatric patients with bicoronal synostosis treated with MCDO.
  • To quantitatively measure cranial changes and long-term stability after MCDO.

Main Methods:

  • A case series of five pediatric patients with bicoronal synostosis undergoing MCDO.
  • Distraction initiated 5 days post-surgery with an activation period of 10-14 days.
  • Quantitative assessment using CT data, including Cranial Index (CI), Anterior Posterior Length (APL), and Intracranial Volume (ICV).

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in cranial shape were observed post-MCDO.
  • Mean CI improved from 102.1% to 94.0% at device removal and 90.4% at 1 year.
  • Mean APL increased from 13.5 cm to 14.9 cm (device removal) and 15.8 cm (1 year).
  • Mean ICV increased from 1179.4 ml to 1323.9 ml (device removal) and 1461.3 ml (1 year).

Conclusions:

  • MCDO is an effective technique for both cranial expansion and correction of forehead flatness in bicoronal synostosis.
  • The technique provides a valid surgical alternative for improving craniofacial morphology.
  • Results demonstrate sustained improvement in cranial dimensions one year post-treatment.