Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in A Spontaneous Pregnancy with Normal Singleton Fetus: A Case Report

Most cases of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) are associated with the use of exogenous gonadotropins for the induction of multiple oocytes. However, OHSS is rarely associated with a spontaneous ovulatory cycle in women with multiple gestations, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, or molar pregnancies. Herein, we report a case of OHSS in a woman with spontaneous pregnancy, without any underlying diseases or risk factors. The clinical findings showed abdominal pain, nausea, dyspnea, and amenorrhea. After imaging and laboratory tests, the final diagnosis was established. The patient was managed successfully without any complications. In conclusion, although spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation is a rare condition, physicians should be able to diagnose this condition. In fact, early diagnosis and successful management can potentially prevent serious complications, which are likely to develop rapidly in patients.