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Target organ damage in newly detected hypertensive patients

Divya Prakash1

  • 1Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, Department of Medicine, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|July 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Newly diagnosed hypertension often presents with undetected target organ damage (TOD). Early detection and management of TOD are crucial for improving cardiovascular prognosis in hypertensive patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is frequently asymptomatic, leading to delayed diagnosis and significant target organ damage (TOD) upon initial presentation.
  • Early identification and treatment of TOD are critical for managing cardiovascular prognosis in hypertensive individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of target organ damage (TOD) in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.
  • To establish the relationship between hypertension and target organ damage (TOD).

Main Methods:

  • An observational, cross-sectional study conducted over 18 months in a tertiary care hospital.
  • Recruitment of newly diagnosed hypertensive men and women from outpatient and inpatient medicine departments.
  • Collection of clinical profiles from 150 participants aged 51.64 ± 11.64 years.

Main Results:

  • 91 out of 150 participants (60.67%) exhibited at least one form of TOD.
  • Notable TOD findings included retinopathy (20.67%), macroalbuminuria (44.67%), electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (20.67%), echocardiographic LVH (29.33%), and diastolic dysfunction (21.33%).
  • Severe HTN was associated with Grade 3 retinopathy, microalbuminuria, and diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between hypertension and target organ damage (TOD).
  • The prevalence of TOD in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients exceeded expectations.
  • Strict blood pressure control is the primary step in managing essential HTN and preventing TOD progression.
Abstract

Keywords:
Hypertensionleft venticular hypertrophymicroalbuminuriaretinopathy

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