[Pulmonary bilharziasis due to Schistosoma mansoni simulating Carrington's disease]

A case of pulmonary Schistosoma mansoni bilharziasis observed in a female patient from Martinique is reported. In view of the unusual clinical and radiological features of the disease and of its rapidly worrying course, an open chest lung biopsy was performed which provided the diagnosis. A search for eggs in the stools was negative, and serological tests were weakly positive, treatment with Praziquantel resulted in rapid and complete cure.