Differential Analysis of Hypertension-Associated Intestinal Microbiota

Hypertension is the main risk factor for cerebral stroke and death resulting from cerebral stroke. Current association studies on hypertension and intestinal microbiota focus on patients with hypertension (HTN); however, no investigations involving patients with isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) or systolic hypertension (SH) have been conducted to date. In this study, fecal samples from 62 cases with normal blood pressure (BP) and 67 cases with high BP were used for 16S amplicon sequencing. Sixty-one cases of HTN and 61 corresponding cases with normal BP were obtained by propensity score matching (PSM), and differential analysis was conducted using the DEseq2 package. PSM was also used to match six IDH patients with six controls and to match 35 cases of SH with 35 controls. There were 54 differential genera between the HTN and normal BP groups, and there were five differential genera between the IDH and normal BP groups. There were 38 differential genera between the SH and normal BP groups, including Christensenella. Bayesian network analysis showed that variations in BP influenced microbial abundance. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that bacterial abundance is correlated with BP. Significant differences between the intestinal microbiota of high and normal BP groups were observed. Gut microbiota dysbiosis differed among HTN, IDH, and SH patients. In particular, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were related to different intestinal microbiota.