Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
12:43
Generation of a Novel Dendritic-cell Vaccine Using Melanoma and Squamous Cancer Stem Cells
Published on: January 6, 2014
12.2K
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Cancer Vaccines
Xiaoming Ouyang1,2, Melinda L Telli3, Joseph C Wu1,2,3,4
1Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Immunology
|July 25, 2019
Summary
Cancer vaccines using oncofetal antigens show promise. Recent studies with autologous induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) highlight their potential for anti-tumor immunity, offering new therapeutic avenues.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Early research showed embryonic/fetal tissue immunization rejected tumors in animals.
- Shared antigens (oncofetal antigens) between tumors and embryonic tissues are key to anti-tumor immunity.
- Previous vaccines faced challenges distinguishing anti-tumor immunity from graft-vs.-host responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccines.
- To explore the role of oncofetal antigens in cancer immunotherapy.
- To discuss future directions for oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccine development.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccines.
- Analysis of studies utilizing single peptide-based vaccines.
- Examination of embryonic stem cell (ESC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based whole-cell vaccines.
Main Results:
- Autologous iPSC-based cancer vaccines demonstrate significant prophylactic and therapeutic potential.
- Oncofetal antigens play a critical role in eliciting anti-tumor immune responses.
- Recent vaccine strategies show improved ability to elicit specific anti-tumor immunity.
Conclusions:
- Oncofetal antigen-based cancer vaccines, particularly those using iPSCs, represent a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
- Further research into optimizing these vaccines could lead to more effective cancer immunotherapies.
- Future directions include refining whole-cell and peptide-based approaches for enhanced efficacy.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
27.3K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
27.3K
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
5.4K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
Somatic...
5.4K
01:30Cancer Vaccines
984
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
984
01:51Vaccinations
51.3K
Overview
51.3K
00:58Embryonic Stem Cells
32.1K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
32.1K
01:18Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells
4.5K
A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
4.5K